The numbers in the decimal number system, of course, are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The subscript 10 indicates that a number is in decimal format. For example, the decimal number 235 is shown as 235₁₀.

In general, a decimal number is represented as follows:

a_n × 10ⁿ + a_n–1 × 10^n–1 + a_n-2 × 10^n-2 + ……… + a₀ × 10⁰

For example, decimal number 825₁₀ can be shown as:

825₁₀ = 8 × 10² + 2 × 10¹ + 5 × 10⁰

Similarly, decimal number 26₁₀ can be shown as:

26₁₀ = 2 × 10¹ + 6 × 10⁰

or

3359₁₀ = 3 × 10³ + 3 × 10² + 5 × 10¹ + 9 × 10⁰

The binary number system consists of two numbers: 0 and 1. A subscript 2 indicates that a number is in binary format. For example, the binary number 1011 would be 10112. In general, a binary number is represented as follows:

a_n × 2ⁿ + a_n–1 × 2^n–1 + a_n–2 × 2^n–2 + ……… + a₀ × 2⁰

For example, binary number 11102 can be shown as:

1110₂ = 1 × 2³ + 1 × 2² + 1 × 2¹ + 0 × 2⁰